The expanded cooperation extends beyond formal agreements, with a notable increase in trade, investment, tourism, and the movement of people between the two nations. Trade remains a significant pillar, though Kenya currently holds a substantial lead in goods exchanged. Rwanda imported over $398 million worth of goods from Kenya in 2025, while its exports to Kenya were valued at $5.3 million, highlighting an opportunity for Rwanda to increase its exports.
Transport and logistics are crucial to Rwanda's economy as a landlocked country. Kenya provides vital access to the Port of Mombasa via the Northern Corridor. Formalized through an MOU, a Kenya Ports Authority liaison office in Kigali is intended to streamline cargo coordination. Kenya has also allocated land in Mombasa and Naivashato support Rwandan logistics operations.
Energy security has also been bolstered, with Rwanda receiving its first bulk shipment of refined petroleum products through the Port of Mombasa in September. This arrangement is expected to improve Rwanda's energy security, supply chain efficiency, and reduce logistics costs.
Investment flows are also increasing, with Kenyan financial institutions and businesses having a significant presence in Rwanda. Rwanda has also made investments in Kenyan companies, such as acquiring a stake in the Kenya Pipeline Company, indicating growing reciprocal confidence and a mutual desire to increase two-way investment, particularly in infrastructure and manufacturing.